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Healey is a small village and industrial district on the east bank of the River Calder in the southwestern outskirts of Ossett, near Wakefield in West Yorkshire, England. It developed during the industrial revolution when three cloth and fulling mills were built. The railway sidings at Healey Mills are located to the east of the village, south of Ossett and west of Horbury between Wakefield Kirkgate railway station and Mirfield railway station on the former Manchester and Leeds Railway. The sidings were redeveloped as part of the British Rail Modernisation Plan as a hump marshalling yard. ==History== There is evidence of human activity around Healey from prehistoric and historic times including Bronze Age burials, agriculture during the Roman period, quarrying but no agriculture during the medieval period, and ridge and furrow agriculture from the post medieval period. The River Calder was forded west of Healey by the Romans, and a ferry operated near to Healey New Mill.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Ossett History - Healey )〕 The Calder and Hebble Navigation was built during latter half of the 18th century, and connected to the River Calder nearby by a lock. ''Healey Mill'' was established by 1791,〔 ''Healey Low Mill'' by 1817.〔P. Hudson, The Genesis of Industrial Capital, p.79〕〔 and ''Healey New Mill'' by 1827.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Healey New Mill Including Attached Chimney, Ossett )〕 The Manchester and Leeds Railway was built and passed through by 1840. As part of the construction a new cut was made in the Calder bypassing a sharp bend in the river, which in the course of the work severed the road to the mill . This resulted in a legal complaint from the owners of Healey New Mill which lay on the part of the Calder that would be bypassed. The courts found in the railway company's favour. A five arch bridge was built to carry the line over the new cut.〔 Due to the delay in construction because of the court case, when the railway was opened, the Calder was crossed by a temporary wooden bridge. In 1851 the railway's owners announced that they planned to divert the river down the new cut, but the plan was never realised and a three span bridge was built replacing the wooden bridge.〔 By 1854 there were three separate mills and "The Millers Arms Inn" in the close area.〔Ordnance Survey Map, 1854-5, 1:10560〕 The new cut was unconnected to the Calder River,〔 the part north of the five span bridge was partially filled andused for the construction of a dyework (later becoming ''Calder Vale Mill''), the southern part was used as a mill pond.〔〔 On Healey Road Osset Gas works was built in 1855,〔 and a Sewage Works constructed to the south of it in the 1870s after the passing of the Local Government Board Act 1871.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Ossett Water Supply )〕 The original houses in Healey and on Healey Road were built in the late Victorian era.〔Ordnance Survey, 1893, 1:2500〕 In the 1960s the conversion of the sidings east of Healey into a modernised railway shunting yard brought several major changes. The route of the river Calder east of Healey was altered, being moved south to create more space for the new marshalling yard, the 1800s mill pond formed by the attempted re-routing of the Calder for the original Manchester and Leeds rail link was filled in, ''Healey Low Mill'' was demolished, the Healey Road sewage works removed,〔 and three additional rail bridges built to carry the tracks across the Calder. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Healey, Ossett」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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